Structure and Features of Single-Cylinder Hydraulic Cone Crusher

Structural Components:

The GPY series high-energy hydraulic cone crusher primarily consists of the drive unit, horizontal shaft unit, eccentric sleeve unit, crushing cone unit, upper frame unit, lower frame unit, hydraulic cylinder unit, and hydraulic lubrication system. Additionally, the machine is equipped with a feed hopper and discharge hopper.

Structural Features:

a) The single-cylinder high-energy hydraulic cone crusher differs from conventional cone crushers in that it has been optimally designed in terms of key technical parameters such as the crushing chamber cavity, eccentric sleeve speed, and eccentric moment, and employs and achieves layer compression crushing. Particle crushing occurs not only between particles and liners but also between particles themselves. Particles squeeze against each other, causing flat and elongated particles to fracture along their weak planes. The material to be crushed undergoes multiple crushing cycles within the crushing chamber, resulting in product particles that are more cubic in shape, with minimal needle and flake content, and excellent particle shape. This meets the special particle shape requirements of industries such as hydropower, urban construction, highways, and railways.

b) The main shaft of the frame is made of high-strength alloy steel through precision casting and forging, ensuring durability and suitability for crushing hard materials, while remaining lightweight. It adopts high-power transmission (0.5 to 1.0 times more powerful than conventional cone crushers of the same specification), resulting in high production capacity. Even small-sized high-energy cone crushers can achieve the production capacity of large-sized conventional cone crushers.

c) The single-cylinder hydraulic adjustment and protection system is safe and reliable. This equipment adopts a hydraulic adjustment and protection system integrated with the lubrication system, featuring a compact structure and minimal space requirements. The hydraulic system allows for hydraulic stepless adjustment of the discharge opening size to accommodate different product particle size requirements or compensate for liner wear.

When non-crushable objects such as steel parts enter the crushing chamber, the excessive pressure causes hydraulic oil to flow from the hydraulic cylinder into the accumulator, lowering the moving cone assembly and expelling the non-crushable material from the crushing chamber. After the non-crushable material is expelled from the machine, the high-pressure inert gas in the accumulator forces the hydraulic oil back into the hydraulic cylinder, causing the moving cone assembly to rise and restore the discharge opening to its original set value. This achieves hydraulic automatic expulsion of non-crushable materials.

d) Compared to impact crushers and jaw crushers, the high-energy single-cylinder hydraulic crusher adopts a compression crushing principle, avoiding high-speed impact, friction, or compression wear between the material and crushing components. Wear parts are made of low-cost high-manganese steel castings, which significantly reduces wear costs while ensuring product quality, minimises downtime for replacing wear parts, and generates substantial economic benefits for users.

e) The hydraulic and lubrication systems are integrated into a single unit, featuring a simple, lightweight design, reliable operation, and high automation. Oil cooling can be achieved via water cooling or air cooling, addressing challenges in water-scarce or cold regions, making it suitable for installation on mobile crushing stations.

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