Structural and Technical Analysis of Multi-Cylinder Hydraulic Cone Crushers

Hydraulic cone crushers are key equipment for fine crushing operations in medium to large-scale mining plants, featuring high production capacity, fine product particle size, stable operation, and reliable performance. They are widely used in fine crushing applications. Over time, multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers have been developed. Due to their ability to achieve a high crushing ratio and produce a high proportion of finished products in a single pass, multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers have found widespread application in industries such as metallurgical mining, building materials, and cement.  

1. Multi-Cylinder Structure  

A multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher refers to a machine where multiple hydraulic cylinders are distributed around the circumference of the frame. This structure enables the upper and lower frames to be integrated during the crushing process, as well as providing protection against non-crushable objects and a rapid clearance function in case of sudden shutdown. The hydraulic cylinders for clearing the crushing chamber have a long stroke and are independent of liner wear, reducing the workload for clearing and enabling rapid chamber clearance, thereby shortening downtime. Compared to single-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers, under the same operating conditions, there is no need to remove the connecting bolts between the upper and lower frames, allowing the upper frame to be easily adjusted, making the process more efficient and convenient.

2. Fixed-shaft structure

The multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher adopts a separate design for the main shaft and moving cone body. The main shaft is integrally connected to the lower frame via a tapered interference fit, allowing the main shaft diameter to be designed sufficiently large to withstand heavy loads and crush extremely hard materials. Additionally, when replacing the crushing liner, the moving cone section can be directly lifted out, with a low lifting height, facilitating maintenance.

3. Hydraulic Adjustable Discharge Opening

The discharge opening size is set via a PLC touchscreen, and the fixed cone liner is adjusted using a hydraulic system. This is achieved by rotating the fixed cone upward or downward to regulate the discharge opening. During discharge opening adjustment, the relative wear positions of the fixed cone liner continuously change, thereby correcting eccentricity caused by local wear and ensuring more uniform liner wear. This helps maintain consistent discharge opening dimensions and meet the particle size requirements of the final product.

4. Labyrinth-type sealing structure

The seals between the moving cone and the eccentric sleeve, as well as between the eccentric sleeve and the frame, utilise U-shaped and T-shaped sealing structures to form a labyrinth-type seal, also known as a non-contact seal. This design eliminates friction between components, ensuring that environmental changes do not affect sealing performance, resulting in durable and long-lasting seals.

5. Multiple cavity structures  

To accommodate different operating conditions, multiple crushing cavity types are designed, allowing interchangeability between coarse, medium, and fine cavities within standard and short-head types. For the same project, the same machine model can be selected, but different cavity types (coarse, medium, or fine) can be chosen based on process requirements. Except for cavity type differences, most parts are identical, reducing the variety and quantity of spare parts on-site and lowering customer inventory costs.

6. Layer compression crushing

Hydraulic cone crushers typically use an optimised layer compression crushing cavity. Combined with their large swing amplitude, high swing frequency, and large base cone angle characteristics, they can achieve multi-particle layer compression crushing. During the crushing process, the weak surfaces of low-strength flakes and blocks in the material are first broken. As the crushing process progresses, the compaction of material in the cavity increases, resulting in a significant increase in fine particle content. This allows the crushing chamber to be uniformly filled with feed material, thereby better achieving layer crushing. The crushed material produced through layer compression has good particle shape and high strength, eliminating the need for further shaping and enabling direct use in ready-mix concrete plants. As a result, the sand and gravel aggregate industry currently prefers to use multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers.

Through years of product development and practical application in multiple mining crushing systems, it has been proven that multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers feature high production capacity, large crushing ratio, good product particle shape, low energy consumption, high automation, high production efficiency, convenient operation and maintenance, and low maintenance costs and wear part expenses. The system's energy consumption is reduced by approximately 15% on average, achieving excellent application results and receiving high recognition from users. Our company manufactures various models of multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crushers. Please click on the website customer service for free consultation, available 24/7.