How to treat tailings
Tailings treatment technology
Tailings refers to the waste slag discharged by mining enterprises after the completion of mineral processing, mostly in the form of slurry discharge, which accumulates over time to form a tailings pond. The tailings pond covers a large area and is a great safety hazard. In addition, the water of the tailings in the tailings pond, which is rich in mineral processing chemicals, penetrates into the ground and causes great pollution to the environment and groundwater. Therefore, the processing of mineral processing tailings is a major problem in front of the mine producers.
Tailings are "waste" discharged from mining enterprises under certain technical and economic conditions, but most of them contain various non-ferrous, black, rare precious, rare earth and non-metallic minerals, etc. They are valuable secondary resources and can be effectively developed again when technical and economic conditions allow. Tailings sand production is lucrative, how to deal with tailings?
At present, the treatment method for tailings is generally as a filling material for underground mining void areas of mines, i.e. water-sand filling material or aggregate for cement filling; or some are directly mulched on the tailings dumps to create fields, plant crops or plant trees. In fact, the most economically efficient way to deal with tailings or tailings sand and as raw materials for construction materials, for example, processed tailings can be used as raw materials for cement, tile, aerated concrete, refractory materials, glass, ceramic granules, concrete aggregate, etc., for tailings sand can replace part of the mechanism sand used to make concrete, build roads, road materials, etc.
The comprehensive utilization of tailings resources at home and abroad can be summarized in the following ways:
1. First of all, we should try to do a good job of comprehensive recycling of useful components of tailings resources, using advanced technology and reasonable process to re-elect the tailings to maximize the recovery of useful components in the tailings, which can further reduce the number of tailings. Some beneficiation plants develop in the direction of no tailings.
2. Tailings are used as filler in underground mining hollow areas of mines, i.e. water-sand filler or aggregate for cementation filler. Tailings used as a filler in the mining void, the most ideal filling process is the full tailings filling process, but is still in the experimental research stage. In the production are used to use the coarse part of the tailings as the filling material of the mining area. The tailings from the beneficiation (belt conveyor) plant are discharged and sent to the tailings preparation section for classification, and the coarse sand portion is sent to the underground mining area, while the fine-grained portion enters the tailings storage pile. This tailings treatment method has been applied both at home and abroad.
3. Using tailings (sand making machine) as raw materials for building materials: making cement, silicate tailings bricks, tiles, aerated concrete, cast stone, refractory materials, glass, ceramic granules, concrete aggregate, microcrystalline glass, slag dissolving flower bricks, foam glass and foam materials, etc.
4. Use tailing sand to build highway, road surface material, anti-skid material, coastal field building, etc.
5. Mulch the tailings dumps to make fields, plant crops or plant trees.
6. Piling tailings in specially constructed tailings storage, which is the most widely used tailings disposal method in most mineral processing plants.
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