Recycling and utilization of construction waste

With the accelerated construction of buildings, highways, railroads, bridges and other infrastructure and urban construction as well as renewal, some old buildings, structures and urban infrastructure will generate more and more construction waste as their service life expires and they are demolished. At present, the vast majority of construction waste is transported to the suburbs by construction units without any treatment and deposited in the open or landfilled. Construction waste is large in quantity, diverse in components and complex in nature, and improper disposal will reduce soil quality and bring impact to human living environment. The treatment and reuse of construction waste is the best way to protect the environment and save resources.

Ways of construction waste recycling and treatment technology

Among the construction waste, more than 80% are construction materials such as waste concrete, waste bricks and tiles, and waste decoration materials. According to the experience of countries with better reuse of construction waste, they can be roughly divided into three levels:

(1) Low-level utilization: waste concrete is crushed and used as building foundation bedding or road base, which is the simplest way to utilize waste concrete.

(2) Intermediate use: waste concrete is crushed to produce concrete block bricks, paving blocks and other products.

(3) Advanced use: waste concrete will be crushed, sieved, sorted, clean as recycled aggregate, instead of some natural sand and gravel aggregates to make recycled aggregate concrete. Relevant research shows that can be added directly to commercial concrete as aggregate to replace 10% to 30% of the natural aggregate, which is the most valuable treatment of waste concrete, recycled concrete made with recycled aggregate is a green concrete.

In developed countries, recycled materials from construction waste recycling treatment have been widely used in backfill, highway construction, road and railroad track bedding, etc., and in reinforcement projects such as vibratory pile foundations, retaining walls and slope stabilization. However, compared with natural materials, recycled materials have weak strength, high water absorption and poor durability, which to a certain extent limit their application in structural members. A large number of foreign experimental studies show that under certain conditions, recycled materials can be used in structures.

At present, there are successful cases of structural application of recycled materials in Germany and Japan, such as ViblerWeg and Waldspirale buildings in Darmstadt, Germany, and ACROSShin-Osaka building in Japan. Construction waste is still of great value in recycling, and no matter which method is used, the first step in the treatment of construction waste is to crush the waste concrete, which shows the importance of crushing products and their good prospects for development.

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